Bills Of Exchange Act
consolidated text (as at 2011, amended since). juris shows the text as it was consolidated; it does not confirm that this is the law in force today.
Later amending instruments held: Finance Act 2025 (Act No. 18 of 2025).
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Sections
- 1 Short title
- 2 Interpretation
- PART I: BILLS OF EXCHANGE
- 3 Bills of exchange
- 4
- 5 Address to drawee
- 6 Certainty required as to payee
- 7
- 8 Sum payable
- 9 Bill payable on demand
- 10 Bill payable at a future time
- 11 Omission of date in bill payable after date
- 12 Antedating and post-dating
- 13 Time of payment
- 14 Referee
- 15 Optional stipulations by drawer or indorser
- 16 Acceptance
- 17 Time for acceptance
- 18 General and qualified acceptance
- 19 Inchoate instruments
- 20 Delivery
- 21 Capacity of parties
- 22 Signature essential to liability
- 23
- 24 Signature by proxy
- 25 Person signing as agent or representative
- 26 Value and holder for value
- 27 Accommodation bill or party
- 28 Holder in due course
- 29 Presumption of value and good faith
- 30 Negotiation of bill
- 31 Requisites of a valid indorsement
- 32 Conditional indorsement
- 33 Indorsement in blank and special indorsement
- 34 Restrictive indorsement
- 35 Negotiation of overdue or dishonoured bill
- 36 Negotiation of bill to party already liable
- 37 Rights of holder
- 38
- 39 Time for presenting bill payable after sight
- 40 Rules as to presentment
- 41 Non-acceptance
- 42 Dishonour by non-acceptance
- 43 Duties as to qualified acceptance
- 44 Rules as to presentment for payment
- 44A
- 45 Delay of non-presentment for payment
- 46 Dishonour by non-payment
- 47 Protest of bill
- 48 Notice of protest and effect of non-notice
- 49 Rules as to notice of protest
- 50 Excuses for non-protest, non-notice and delay
- 51 Duties of holder as regards drawee or acceptor
- 52 Funds in hands of acceptor
- 53 Liability of acceptor
- 54 Liability of drawer or indorser
- 55 Stranger signing bill liable as indorser
- 56 Damages against parties
- 57 Transferor by delivery and transferee
- 58 Payment in due course
- 59 Acceptor the holder at maturity
- 60 Express waiver
- 61 Cancellation
- 62 Alteration of bill
- 63 Acceptance for honour supra protest
- 64 Liability of acceptor for honour
- 65 Presentment to acceptor for honour
- 66 Payment for honour supra protest
- 67 Holder’s right to duplicate of lost bill
- 68 Action on lost bill
- 69 Rules as to sets
- 70 Rules where laws conflict
- PART IA: ELECTRONIC BILLS OF EXCHANGE
- 70A Legal recognition of electronic bills of exchange
- 70A Legal recognition of electronic bills of exchange
- 70B Validity of electronic bill of exchange
- 70B Validity of electronic bill of exchange
- 70C Control and possession of electronic bill of exchange
- 70C Control and possession of electronic bill of exchange
- 70D Criteria for a reliable system
- 70D Criteria for a reliable system
- 70E Endorsement or amendment of an electronic bill of exchange
- 70E Endorsement or amendment of an electronic bill of
- 70F Conversion into electronic bill of exchange or paper bill of
- 70F Conversion into electronic bill of exchange or paper
- 70G Regulations
- 70G Regulations
- PART II: CHEQUES ON A BANKER
- 71 Cheques
- 72 Presentment of cheque for payment
- 73 Revocation of banker’s authority
- 74 General and special crossings
- 75 Crossing by drawer or after issue
- 76 Crossing a material part of cheque
- 77 Duties of banker as to crossed cheques
- 78 Protection to banker and drawer
- 79 Effect of crossing on holder
- 79A Non-transferable cheques
- 80 Protection to collecting banker
- PART III: PROMISSORY NOTES
- 81 Promissory notes
- 82 Delivery necessary
- 83 Liability of parties
- 84 Liability of maker
- 85 Application of Part I
- PART IV: MISCELLANEOUS
- 86 Accepted accounts
- 87
- 88 Limitation
- 89 Saving